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Word Recognition
Phonological Awareness
Phonics
Language Comprehension
Reading Comprehension
Articulation

What does it mean when a student confuses 'f' and 'v' in spelling?

Dr. Louisa Moats, author of the LETRS professional development program for teachers, talks about why students confuse 'f' and 'v', for example, in spelling and why going back to phonemic awareness activities may be necessary. She explains that these two sounds look alike and feel alike when you say them, but the difference lies is what your vocal cords are doing.

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Produced by Reading Universe, a partnership of WETA, Barksdale Reading Institute, and First Book

Reading Universe is made possible by generous support from
Jim & Donna Barksdale, the AFT, the Emily Hall Tremaine
Foundation
, and three anonymous donors.

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