1. Overview of Glued Sounds

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Ashton Smith: We are going to do our deck. Lemme see whose eyes are on me. Who's crisscross?

Narrator: Kindergarten teacher Ashton Smith is reviewing glued sounds with her students today. They're focusing on how the short 'a' sound changes slightly. When the 'a' is followed by 'n' or 'm'.

Ashton Smith: What does 'a' say?

Students: /ă/.

Ashton Smith: What does 'n' say?

Students: /n/.

Ashton Smith: What does 'm' say?

Students: /m/.

Ashton Smith: And when you say 'm', your lips are together. So lemme say...

Ms. Smith and Students: /m/.

Ashton Smith: When you say 'n', your lips are not together. Say /n/.

Students: /n/.

Ashton Smith: Now, when 'a' is with 'n', the 'n' makes 'a' say something a little funny. So it's not going to say, /ă/. So we're going to call this a glued sound. They're glued together. So lemme hear you say 'a', 'n', van, '-an'.

Students: 'A', 'n', van, '-an'.

Ashton Smith: So when you see "an" together in a word, it's a chunk. It's glued together and you're just going to read it '-an'. So let's try it again.

Narrator: Ms. Smith's direct and explicit instruction helps her students remember that 'a' is going to sound a little different, neither long nor short, when they see it in words like ham and can.

Ashton Smith: Very good. Now guess what? There's another one.

Students: 'a', 'm'. '-am'.

Ashton Smith: '-am'. So when we see 'a', 'm' together in a word, we're not going to say, /ă/, /m/. We're going to take the glued sound or the chunk and we're going to read it together. Okay? So let's try this. 'A', 'm', ham, '-am'.

Students: 'A', 'm', ham, '-am'.

Narrator: This review is setting the stage for a reading fluency lesson, focusing on these sounds.

Reading Universe is made possible by generous support from Jim and Donna Barksdale, the Hastings/Quillin Fund, an advised fund of the Silicon Valley Community Foundation, the AFT, the Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation, and anonymous donors. Special thanks to Hope Hill Elementary, Reading Is Essential for All People, and Atlanta Public Schools. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe to our YouTube channel @RUTeaching. Reading Universe is a service of WETA Washington, D.C., the Barksdale Reading Institute, and First Book.

Ashton Smith: My name is Ashton Smith and this is Reading Universe.

Once students are comfortable with ‘am’, you can add a ‘p’ to the end of the pattern and have them practice words like damp, lamp, and ramp. And once they’re comfortable with ‘an’, you can add a ‘d’ to open up words like and, land, hand, and sand. Doing so quickly increases the number of words students can decode.